Constitution as a Living Document, Part 2: The Basic Structure and a Living Constitution: visual lesson, CBSE Class 11 Political Science

Lesson

The Basic Structure and a Living Constitution

Part 2: the amendments of the 1970s, the basic structure doctrine, and a living Constitution.

In this lesson you will

Part 2 at a glance

Concept

Table on the 42nd Amendment of 1976: passed during the national Emergency of 1975 to 1977; it changed many parts of the Constitution in a single amendment; it added the words socialist, secular and integrity to the Preamble; and it added the Fundamental Duties
Point	The 42nd Amendment, 1976
When	Passed during the national Emergency (1975 to 1977)
Scope	Changed many parts of the Constitution in a single amendment
Preamble	Added the words socialist, secular and integrity
Duties	Added the Fundamental Duties

Concept

Table on the 44th Amendment of 1978: passed after the Emergency had ended; it restored several provisions that the 42nd Amendment had changed; the two are studied together because one amendment changed many parts and a later one restored several; the lesson is that the amending power is wide and its use is a matter for study and judgement
Point	The 44th Amendment, 1978
When	Passed in 1978, after the Emergency had ended
What it did	Restored several provisions that the 42nd Amendment had changed
Why they are studied together	One amendment changed many parts and a later one restored several of them
Lesson	The amending power is wide, and its use is a matter for study and judgement