Growth of Nationalism — Part 2: Reform Movements and the Founding of the Congress: visual lesson, ICSE Class 10 History & Civics (H.C.G. Paper 1)

Lesson

From reform to an all-India organisation

Part 2 — four reformers and the founding of the Indian National Congress.

In this lesson you will

State two contributions each of Raja Rammohan Roy, Jyotiba Phule, Swami Dayananda Saraswati and Swami Vivekananda
Explain how reform movements built self-confidence and national consciousness
State the year, founder, objectives and first two sessions of the Indian National Congress

Part 2 at a glance

Diagram

Table of four reformers: Raja Rammohan Roy, Brahmo Samaj 1828, against sati; Jyotiba Phule, Satyashodhak Samaj 1873, education and against caste discrimination; Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Arya Samaj 1875, return to the Vedas; Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna Mission 1897, Chicago 1893 and service
Reformer	Organisation and year	Main work
Raja Rammohan Roy	Brahmo Samaj, 1828	Against sati (banned 1829); modern education; women's rights
Jyotiba Phule	Satyashodhak Samaj, 1873	Education of girls and lower castes; against caste discrimination
Swami Dayananda Saraswati	Arya Samaj, 1875	Return to the Vedas; against caste by birth and child marriage
Swami Vivekananda	Ramakrishna Mission, 1897	Chicago address 1893; service to the poor; self-confidence

Each founded an organisation and attacked a different weakness of society.

Compare

Raja Rammohan Roy

Jyotiba Phule

Table of four reformers: Raja Rammohan Roy, Brahmo Samaj 1828, against sati; Jyotiba Phule, Satyashodhak Samaj 1873, education and against caste discrimination; Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Arya Samaj 1875, return to the Vedas; Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna Mission 1897, Chicago 1893 and service
Reformer	Organisation and year	Main work
Raja Rammohan Roy	Brahmo Samaj, 1828	Against sati (banned 1829); modern education; women's rights
Jyotiba Phule	Satyashodhak Samaj, 1873	Education of girls and lower castes; against caste discrimination
Swami Dayananda Saraswati	Arya Samaj, 1875	Return to the Vedas; against caste by birth and child marriage
Swami Vivekananda	Ramakrishna Mission, 1897	Chicago address 1893; service to the poor; self-confidence