Long-term Sources of Funds for a Joint Stock Company

Commerce · Chapter 3 · 2. Financing

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Your path through this chapter

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Visual lesson Beta
1. Part 1: Equity, Preference Shares and Special Issues15 slides
2. Part 2: Retained Earnings, Debentures and Term Loans14 slides
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Notes Beta
6 sections with key terms, formulas and exam tips.
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Flashcards Beta
30 cards for quick recall of key terms and facts.
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Practice
66 board-style questions with instant checks: Multiple choice 24, Short answer 15, Assertion and reason 6, Numerical 5.
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Chapter test Free
Short and long chapter tests in board pattern, with results and analysis.
- Chapter test (long) — Long-term Sources of Funds · 40 marks · 100 min
- Chapter test (short) — Long-term Sources of Funds · 20 marks · 50 min
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Equity shares: features, advantages and disadvantages
Preference shares: features, types, advantages and disadvantages; equity versus preference shares
Bonus shares, rights issue, ESOP, sweat equity shares and qualified institutional placement
Retained earnings: meaning, merits and demerits
Debentures: meaning, kinds, advantages and disadvantages; shares versus debentures
Loans from commercial banks and financial institutions