Ionic Bonding

Chemistry · Chapter 7 · Physical Chemistry (Units 1-2 and 4-7: Basic Concepts, Atomic Structure, Bonding, Thermodynamics, Equilibrium, Redox)

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Valence electrons; Kossel-Lewis approach; octet rule applied to electrovalent and covalent bonds
Ionic bond: Lewis structures of NaCl, Li2O, MgO, CaO, MgF2 and Na2S; conditions for formation (ionisation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, lattice energy, electronegativity difference)
Formation of cations and anions; variable electrovalency due to inert pair effect and unstable core
Lattice enthalpy and the Born-Haber cycle; characteristics of electrovalent compounds