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Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Benzene
Chemistry · Chapter 24 · Organic Chemistry (Units 8-9: Basic Principles and Techniques, Hydrocarbons)
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- Aromatic compounds: IUPAC nomenclature; structure of benzene, Kekule resonance structures; aromaticity
- Preparation of benzene from sodium benzoate and from phenol; physical properties
- Electrophilic substitution with mechanism: halogenation, nitration, sulphonation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation
- Directive influence of substituents in monosubstituted benzene (ortho/para and meta directors)
- Oxidation, reaction with ozone, addition of hydrogen, chlorine and bromine; pyrolysis to biphenyl; carcinogenicity, toxicity and uses